Did Elon Musk manipulate Twitter’s stock for his own benefit? Is the process to acquire Twitter flawed? Is Elon Musk trying to walk away?
This post is open for investors to gather facts, and findings and track their exposure to related lawsuits. We invite investors and shareholders to contribute to this investigation for their own benefit, add events to the factual timeline below and vote on events’ pertinence.
A lawsuit was subsequently filed. We will update this post as it unfolds.
06/06/2022
Elon Musk lawyers’ send a letter to Twitter’s board re: refusal to provide required info about spam/fake accounts under the merger agreement.
“Twitter has, in fact, refused to provide the information that Mr. Musk has repeatedly requested since May 9, 2022 to facilitate his evaluation of spam and fake accounts on the company’s platform. Twitter’s latest offer to simply provide additional details regarding the company’s own testing methodologies, whether through written materials or verbal explanations, is tantamount to refusing Mr. Musk’s data requests. Twitter’s effort to characterize it otherwise is merely an attempt to obfuscate and confuse the issue. Mr. Musk has made it clear that he does not believe the company’s lax testing methodologies are adequate so he must conduct his own analysis. The data he has requested is necessary to do so. . .
Based on Twitter’s behavior to date, and the company’s latest correspondence in particular, Mr. Musk believes the company is actively resisting and thwarting his information rights (and the company’s corresponding obligations) under the merger agreement. This is a clear material breach of Twitter’s obligations under the merger agreement and Mr. Musk reserves all rights resulting therefrom, including his right not to consummate the transaction and his right to terminate the merger agreement. . .”
Stock Impact
Close | Previous close | Price variation | Percentage variation |
---|---|---|---|
$39.56 | $40.16 | $-0.6 | -1.49% |
A shareholder filed this class action on behalf of all stockholders of Twitter, Inc., who have been harmed by the actions of defendant Elon R. Musk. Plaintiff asserts claims against defendant Musk for violations of California Corporations Code §§ 25400, 25401, 25500, and 25501 and against defendant Twitter, Inc. for declaratory, injunctive relief, and unjust enrichment.
Excerpt
1. Defendant Musk purchased or offered to purchase Twitter securities and/or willfully participated in the relevant manipulative transactions for the purpose of inducing the purchase or sale of Twitter securities by others. After purchasing over 9% of Twitter’s shares, and entering into a contract to purchase the remaining stock of Twitter he does not already own for $54.20 per share, Defendant Musk has willfully participated in making statements that were false and misleading, or that omitted material facts necessary to make the statements made not false or misleading. Musk knew such statements were false and misleading as detailed herein.
Through such conduct, Defendant Musk also violated Corp. Code Section 25400(b) by effecting, alone or with one or more other persons, a series of transactions in Twitter securities creating actual or apparent active trading in such securities or raising or depressing the price of such securities, for the purpose of inducing the purchase or sale of such securities by others.
As a result of Defendant’s misconduct, plaintiff and the other members of the Class have
suffered damages and been harmed. The fair market value of Twitter securities has been adversely affected by Musk’s false statements and wrongful conduct.
2. Defendant Musk offered to purchase and/or purchased securities from plaintiff and members of the Class in and from this state by means of written and oral communications that included untrue statements of material fact and omitted to state material facts necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which the statements were made, not misleading.
Defendant Musk failed to exercise reasonable care to ensure the truth and accuracy of such statements, and plaintiff had no knowledge of the falsity of such statements.
As a direct and proximate result of Defendant’s violations of law described herein, plaintiff and members of the Class have been damaged.
3. A justiciable, present controversy exists between the parties. Defendant Musk signed a binding contract to buy Plaintiff’s stock for $54.20. But Defendant Musk thereafter publicly stated that the Buyout is “temporarily on hold” and “cannot go forward” until certain conditions are met.
The conditions Musk that has stated must be met before the Buyout can go forward do not appear to be part of the contract he signed with Twitter, Inc. Plaintiff thus seeks a declaration concerning these facts and issues and the parties’ respective rights and obligations. Plaintiff also seeks appropriate injunctive relief to be determined by the Court.
4. Plaintiff seeks a declaratory judgment that Musk has violated Section 25402 and that Defendant Twitter has an obligation to investigate Musk’s conduct and take appropriate action.
Plaintiff does not seek any damages on behalf of Twitter and this claim is not brought as a derivative claim.
07/01/2022
"Plaintiff brings this action as a class action, pursuant to F.R.C.P. 23, on behalf of all stockholders of Twitter, Inc. who have been harmed and/or are threatened with harm by Defendants’ unlawful conduct in connection with Musk’s proposed buyout of Twitter. Excluded from the Class are Defendants herein and any person, firm, trust, corporation, or other entity related to, or affiliated with, any of the Defendants and their successors in interest."
Operative complaint
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A securities class action lawsuit is a lawsuit on behalf of investors considered in a similar position, who purchased or sold securities of a company during a certain period and suffered losses because of an alleged wrongdoing. Security is often broadly defined to include bonds, stocks, options, derivatives, and other instruments.
Section 10b of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 makes it unlawful to “use or employ, in connection with the purchase or sale of any security” a “manipulative or deceptive device or contrivance in contravention of such rules and regulations as the [SEC] may prescribe.” 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b). It is therefore forbidden to: employ any device, scheme, or artifice to defraud; make any untrue statement of a material fact or to omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made not misleading; or engage in any act, practice, or course of business which operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon any person.
Generally, to be successful, the plaintiff must plead the following:
We invite you to read this article from the American Bar Association which, although from 2014, provide ample information to explore the world of class actions brought under section 10b of Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933 provides “an express right of action for damages . . . when a registration statement contains untrue statements of material fact or omissions of material fact.” (Thomas Lee Hazen, Treatise on the Law of Securities Regulation, §7.3 at 581 (4th ed. 2002)). Practically, buyers in an initial public offering (IPO), relying on the registration statement and prospectus, are given the right to file a complaint against the company and other signatories for losses sustained as a result of the deficient registration statement and prospectus.
Generally, at least four elements must be plead for the claim to survive:
A shareholder derivative lawsuit is a lawsuit brought by a shareholder of a company, on behalf of the company, against an insider (director, board of directors, executives) or a third-party to redress wrongs and harms to the company. Simply speaking, this mechanism exists because one cannot expect directors and insiders to sue themselves for harms they have done to the company.
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act (PSLRA) of 1995 was enacted to tighten requirements for securities class actions to be brought in the United States. One of the mechanism put in place was a 60-day period, following the filing of the initial securities class action, for any shareholder considered in similar position to the one filing the initial class action complaint, to ask to be named lead plaintiff. Practically, any time a securities class action falling under the PSLRA is filed with a court, law firms advertise their willingness to pursue the case and invite other investors similarly situated to contact them.
The lead plaintiff in a securities class action is a shareholder who suffered losses related to the purchase or sale of a company’s security during a certain period of time, that is appointed with its choice of counsel to represent the rest of the similarly situated shareholders. To be appointed lead plaintiff, you need to contact a law firm, have them examine your losses and agree to be represented by them and ask to make a motion with the court to be appointed lead. The court will then look at all the motions from the different shareholders and make its decision based on a certain set of criteria. Your inability to be lead plaintiff shall not prevent you from any potential recovery in the event of a settlement.
A class period is a set period of time during which the purchasers or sellers of a company’s security claim in a class action lawsuit to have suffered losses. Class periods are based on the merits of the case and may evolve with the litigation.
A class action complaint will define the initial class of investors: the class period and the persons included in the class. You should look at the definition of the class to determine whether you are included or not. However, the class definition will evolve with the litigation. Its definition is very likely to change between the initial complaint filed and the possible settlement. Generally speaking, you should rely on the definitions of the class stated in a stipulation of settlement to determine whether or not you will be entitled to any recovery (see below about the opting-out mechanism).
You may. The mechanism is called opting-out of class. A lead plaintiff will agree on the potential recovery ratio in a settlement. You may have an interest in opting-out of a class if you have sustained large losses and believe bringing a separate lawsuit would entitle you to a larger ratio of recovery.
You may be able to bring a claim to arbitration in certain scenarios. We encourage you to contact a law firm of your choice to inquire about such alternative dispute resolution mechanism.
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